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Glossary of skiing terms Discussion Thread

 Poster: A snowHead
Poster: A snowHead
Blimey. Hurtle getting involved in how skiing works in BzK??!! Wowser. Laughing
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 Obviously A snowHead isn't a real person
Obviously A snowHead isn't a real person
skimottaret, See????!!!!! Please remove your thanks, I'll take them as read.
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 Well, the person's real but it's just a made up name, see?
Well, the person's real but it's just a made up name, see?
snowball wrote:

maillon rapide? I give up.


Advantage:
Load rating not a function of the pin and hook above the gate.
Load rating not a function of the gate pivot pin
Threaded contact zone for better stress distribution.
Full-width metal with no cuts or stress concentration zones.

Disadvantage:
Must be screwed down at all times.
No gate opening so no easy access.

Agreed, irrelevant to skiing mostly.
Except when one is unscrewed by someone who can't tell the difference between an MR and a screwgate.
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Hurtle, that was at least partly meant to be positively impressed, if I read it right.
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snowball, i just copied what SZK had noted in the photos, could be right wrong or who knows? perhaps you could chat it through with some of the guys who do this sort of thing. I am way out of my depth on this stuff and would defer to those with some knowledge. I would say go as far as possible, if people are reading threads where those terms are used will be handy to have on the list.

Hurtle, you did a nice job on giving everythig the once over and hopefully it will make sense to all who look things up. Even SZK has made a couple contributions.... everytime i think this little job is over more stuff pops up and even the most diehard BZK bashers are chipping in Toofy Grin
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snowball, A HMS isn't the same as a screwgate, that's the point. If you change the 'gate on the Snapgate photo i provided to that that locks or screws they are the same thing. Wiregate, twistlock, screwgate on a karabiner change only the possibility of the secured item being removed. A HMS is a different type of load device.
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 Then you can post your own questions or snow reports...
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SMALLZOOKEEPER wrote:
snowball, A HMS isn't the same as a screwgate, that's the point.

Yes, that's what I thought, so we need you to re-write thee definition. They had changed my definition to say


"There are two types of Carabiner -
HMS Carabiner aka Screw Gate can be locked by using a screw thread. "
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 After all it is free Go on u know u want to!
After all it is free Go on u know u want to!
snowball, i just tried to add together yours and SZK's versions, and sounds like i got it wrong. whatever you come up with is fine by me
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Well SMALLZOOKEEPER, how about simply adding a sentence to my previous definition, thus:

Carabiner (or Karabiner): An oval (actually pear-shaped) or D-shaped link of lightweight aluminum or alloy (or steel for heavy duty), that serves as the climber's all-purpose connector. Guides will use it to connect a rope to a client's harness (see Harness or Climbing Harness) or it may connect a belay to a rope or a pulley. A screw-gate Carabiner can be locked by using a screw thread. A snapgate, or more lightweight wire-gate carabiner cannot be locked. More heavy duty types of carabiner, able to sustain multiple forces over wider angles are called HMS Carabiners and are marked HMS or simply with an H.

Ed: Mine are marked with a circled H but I didn't say that since I don't know if it is universal. Do you know?
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snowball, any better? i wanted to use the pictures SZK did

CARABINER - (or Karabiner): An oval, pear, or D-shaped link of lightweight aluminum (or steel alloy for heavy duty versions) that serves as the climber's all-purpose connector. Guides will use it to connect a rope to a client's harness (see Harness or Climbing Harness) or it may connect a belay to a rope or a pulley. A screw-gate Carabiner can be locked by using a screw thread and are typically, but not always, higher load rated. A Snap-Gate, or more lightweight Wire-Gate carabiner cannot be locked.

Heavy duty types of carabiner, able to sustain multiple forces over wider angles are known as HMS Carabiners and are marked "HMS" or simply with an "H" as shown in the diagram below. The name HMS derives From the German term for Munter hitch belay: 'Halbmastwurfsicherung' and is used to describe a larger screwgate suitable for belaying. They are designed to be under load almost 100% during use through those axis shown by the black arrows.



A Snap-gate aka Wire-Gate carabiner is more lightweight and cannot be locked. Designed to be loaded at all times or by shock through the Axis shown here by the black arrow. Note, there is no stamp to define type as circled here in green.



Last edited by Ski the Net with snowHeads on Tue 7-10-08 14:56; edited 1 time in total
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I'm not really the person to say -SMALLZOOKEEPER knows more than I do. But as I said, the snapgate he shows is quite different from the small wiregate which I have one of (which just has a bit of sprung wire accross the gate). So "aka" I don't think can be right.
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triple post Embarassed


Last edited by And love to help out and answer questions and of course, read each other's snow reports. on Tue 7-10-08 17:24; edited 1 time in total
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Last edited by So if you're just off somewhere snowy come back and post a snow report of your own and we'll all love you very much on Tue 7-10-08 17:23; edited 2 times in total
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 You know it makes sense.
You know it makes sense.
I am surprised you have nothing under AVALANCHE - (wet snow, dry snow, wind plaque etc), nor mountain terms such as ARRETTE (as, for example at the Vallee Blanche). or CREVASSE or SERAC, or even GLACIER.
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 Otherwise you'll just go on seeing the one name:
Otherwise you'll just go on seeing the one name:
i would say a wire-gate is a type of snap-gate crab aka wire-gates are a sub-set of snap-gates
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 Poster: A snowHead
Poster: A snowHead
Screwgate Karabiner - D shaped with screw locking gate, a variation is a twistlock locking gate, or HMS, which is just a different shaped screwgate for a specialised purpose (as described byskimottaret, .D or offset D are designed to be loaded along the axis, HMS can have a narrow load point at the narrow end, and wide, or multiple load points at the wide end - normally nowadays used for belaying when using double or twin ropes.
Snapgate Karabiner - no locking on the gate, variations can be solid straightgate (traditional), wiregate(to save weight, and reduce the chance of gate opening under it's own momentum when shockloaded), or bentgate (to make clipping a rope one-handed easier), or bent wiregate etc......

Quote:

will use it to connect a rope to a client's harness

Generally considered poor practice to connect harness to rope via a krab, best practice is to tie in directly.

And we go any further into climbing equipment it could get totally out of control!
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 Obviously A snowHead isn't a real person
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OK - Arno, I bow to your superior knowledge on that one.

RobinS Well that is what we were taught in Wales and what guides have always done with me. Perhaps tying in directly is more what climbers do rather than skiers (lowering skiers down into a couloir or crevasse rescue)

However, also in the glossary there is no CABLE CAR (US Tram), GONDOLA, CHAIR LIFT, T BAR or POMMA - far less the rarer types of SKI LIFT or parts thereof.
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snowball, Good suggestions and there are still are loads to do.. anyone fancy a go at any of below

As far as climbing stuff goes i would only want to include things relevent to ski mountaineering

Bowl
Button Lift
Cable Car
Chairlift
Concave Slope
Convex Slope
Corrie
Depression
Extreme Skiing
Foehn Wind
Freestyle skiing
Glacier
Gondola
Hand Blocking
Hoar Frost
Hot Dogging
Initiation
Katabatic Wind
Monoski
Mountain Guide qualification "levels"
Poma
Rime
Slab
Slalom
Ski Jumping
Snowbike
Snowpit
T Bar
Terrain Trap
Wind Slab


Last edited by Well, the person's real but it's just a made up name, see? on Wed 5-11-08 11:56; edited 4 times in total
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snowball wrote:
I am surprised you have nothing under AVALANCHE - (wet snow, dry snow, wind plaque etc), nor mountain terms such as ARRETTE (as, for example at the Vallee Blanche). or CREVASSE or SERAC, or even GLACIER.
How about those? Possibly it should be spelt arete?

And SKI MOUNTAINEERING for that matter. (Under most definitions I think it goes rather beyond anything I expect to do, into proper climbing.)

Ed: yes: arete with a circumflex over the middle e. Or is there an anglicised spelling?
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And what about MONOSKI and the various variants more recently. And the SNOWBIKE?

And EXTREME SKIING and Extreme Skiing championships.

And SKI-JUMPING
And all the various ski racing diciplines (Downhill, Slalom, Giant slalom, Super giant slalom, Parallel slalom)
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snowball, all good ideas, anyone fancy a go at any of these...
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Then you can post your own questions or snow reports...
I'd like to see the ski racing disciplines done, I've always wondered about the differences esp. in things like the various slaloms
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Megamum, they've been done.
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GOLD STANDARD Fitting the description outlined in gold here
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SERAC - A large block of ice, generally taller than broad, formed at the intersections of crevasses. Most commonly found within, or at the edges, of a glacier or ice cliff. Seracs are very dangerous being unstable and prone to toppling over.

CREVASSE - A deep, usually vertical, crack or split in a glacier, occurs as a result of the brittle ice flowing over a uneven surface beneath the ice. Crevasses can easily become covered by blown snow, even very wide ones. Great care must be taken when crossing ice and snow fields to avoid them.
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ARETE - A sharp, narrow mountain ridge. It often results from the erosive activity of alpine glaciers flowing in adjacent valleys.
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And love to help out and answer questions and of course, read each other's snow reports.
Can't do one without the other unless its already been done

Pyramidal peak Similar to Arete, but caused by the erosive action of three or more alpine glaciers flowing down adjacent valleys of the same peak


How about doing the lakes that result when the glacier retreats too - dunno what you want to call them though - Cwm, Corrie etc. You could also run the rest of the glacier rock features too - things like truncated spurs etc. Just depends how far you want to go though.

Mind you its a brilliant list so far -almost publishable - I can see all sorts of search engines turning up at snowheads snowHead
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 So if you're just off somewhere snowy come back and post a snow report of your own and we'll all love you very much
So if you're just off somewhere snowy come back and post a snow report of your own and we'll all love you very much
Megamum, trying to keep it skiing related... crevasses, aretes feature in skiing lingo but corries, spurs not so sure....
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 You know it makes sense.
You know it makes sense.
skimottaret, Corries seem to feature in Scottish skiing quite a lot. Apart from that you're right - I'd never heard of them before I went skiing in Scotland last year.
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 Otherwise you'll just go on seeing the one name:
Otherwise you'll just go on seeing the one name:
skimottaret, where are CHUTES RUN OUTS COMPRESSION ?
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comprex, chute is under couloir i will add a see " " ... didnt have much in about avalanche, weather or terrain type stuff but probably should do. Thing is i am getting more than bored doing this and i thought it was just about done Crying or Very sad

I didnt put "gold standard" in as there are tons of differing "level" scales and i cant be bothered....

see list a few posts above for "TBD's"
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 Obviously A snowHead isn't a real person
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AVALANCHE - A mass of snow and potentially rock and ice falling down a mountain. There are numerous sub categories of avalanches

Full Depth avalanche - An avalanche which cleans off the snow right down to ground level

Loose Snow avalanche - aka point avalanche, an avalanche which starts at a point and gathers more snow as it travels down the mountain fanning out wider and wider as it travels.

Powder snow avalanche - An avalanche in which the snow breaks up into dust and may become airborne. Can flow in a straight line over irregular terrain.

Sluff Avalanche - Small snow slides running typically less than a 100metres and are small enough not to be considered dangerous to people.

Slab avalanche - An avalanche that is started by a crack across the snowpack with a whole section of snow coming down the mountain.

RUNOUT ZONE - The portion of the avalanche path where snow slows down and comes to rest.

DEPOSITION ZONE - The area where the bulk of an avalanches snow piles up.
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RUNOUT (2-US) - Flat or near flat snow at the bottom of a mountain. Usually encountered between the bottom of steeper runs, pistes, or lines and a lift, particularly if one lift serves an entire ridge. Typ. useage: "Long runout" - snowboarders beware. Useage overlaps with TRAVERSE-US although TRAVERSE is not limited to the bottom of the hill.


COMPRESSION (US) - Abrupt change in snow pitch to flatter than expected , requiring skiers at speed to absorb energy along their line of travel. Usually refers to large portion of piste width, particularly a concern in limited visibility. Related: Water Channel, Erosion Ditch, AVALEMENT, Bow Effect binding release scenario.
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Unless I've missed it, I think we've missed a rather obvious one:
- TUCK -
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FastMan, are you sure about the spelling on that? maybe there's a Th? Puzzled
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The following are all to be defined. anyone fancy a go?

Bowl
Button Lift
Cable Car
Chairlift
Concave Slope
Convex Slope
Corrie
Depression
Extreme Skiing
Foehn Wind
Freestyle skiing
Glacier
Gondola
Hand Blocking
Hoar Frost
Hot Dogging
Initiation
Katabatic Wind
Monoski
Mountain Guide qualification "levels"
Poma
Rime
Slab
Slalom
Ski Jumping
Snowbike
Snowpit
T Bar
Terrain Trap
Tuck
Wind Slab
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Then you can post your own questions or snow reports...
ABDUCTION - movement of a joint away from the center line of the body. For example when you splay your foot outwards you are abducting.

ADDUCTION - movement of a joint towards the center line of the body. For example when you turn your foot inwards you are adducting.
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Foehn Wind, a warm wind, aka the snow eater, normally from the south or west.
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Terrain Trap, a part of the mountain where due to the natural features the consequences of even a small avalanche would be potentially deadly. Typical terrain traps are cliff edges, lake edges, gullies, sharply concave runouts, and any other terrain that would result in a deep burial in the event of an avalanche.
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Extreme Skiing, skiing where the consequence of a simple fall is likely to be fatal.
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